Signs of Menopause

Fall is my favorite time of the year. Not only does it mean snuggly sweaters and football, but it is also the time to pull out those soup and stew recipes. As you look through your favorites, keep your hormone type in mind.

If you have low estrogen levels and are experiencing menopause symptoms, you will want to lean toward recipes that are light on the spice and acid and high in vegetables, gluten-free grains, legumes, and seafood/fish.

If you have high estrogen levels and/or are estrogen dominant, then you’ll want to lean toward a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, poultry, fish, eggs, and more acidic condiments like vinegar and lemon juice. You will want to steer away from a grain-heavy diet.

In some cases, you’ll find that perfect recipe that pleases both estrogen profile. And here is just such a one for you!

Butternut Squash Soup
Serves 6

Butternut squash is rich in beta-carotene and vitamin C. Beta-carotene helps balance the estrogen excess in women with estrogen dominance, while vitamin C has many menopausal benefits, including the ability to fight heart disease by preventing the oxidation of LDL cholesterol.

Plus, the onions in the recipe provide the antioxidant power of quercetin. And with an antiseptic boost from sage, this soup is sure to keep your immune system strong during the cold winter months.

1 cup red onion, chopped
2 teaspoon olive oil
1 teaspoon ground sage
½ teaspoon sea salt
½ teaspoon cayenne pepper
3 cups vegetable broth
1 large butternut squash, peeled, seeded, and cubed
2 tablespoons soy or rice parmesan cheese (optional)

1. In a soup pot, sauté onion in olive oil over medium heat until soft
2. Add sage, salt, pepper, broth, and squash. Bring to a boil. 
3. Reduce heat and simmer for 25-30 minutes, or until squash is soft. 
4. Ladle ¾ of the soup in to a blender or food processor and purée. 
5. Pour back into pot and reheat for 5 minutes. 
6. Stir in parmesan cheese (if desired) and serve.

To soy or not to soy…that is the question I am asked at least once a week. Unfortunately, there’s not a clear answer, even in the research. Part of the problem is lies in the underwriters of many studies. For example, many of the pro-soy studies are funded, in part, by John Deere and other companies that have a vested interest in soy production. On the flip side, some of the anti-soy studies are funded, in part, by the dairy lobby, which has an interest in less soy, more dairy. This makes the already murky waters a bit murkier.

For me, I tend to lean toward less soy less often. Here’s why.

For women with estrogen dominance or those suffering from perimenopause symptoms where estrogen levels are already a bit high, adding more estrogen (albeit phytoestrogen) to the mix doesn’t seem to make rational sense. Now, I’ve heard that the soy blocks the estrogen receptors and blocks you more potent estrogens from locking in and all that; but the reality is, you are adding an additional estrogen to a system that’s already overtaxed. That cannot be good.

For women looking for relief from their menopause symptoms, soy can be a Godsend for the exact same reason it’s questionable for estrogen dominant women. Meaning, you are providing additional estrogen where estrogen levels are low. Sounds good, right? Well, maybe, maybe not.

A study from the May 2002 issue of Cancer Research looked at the interactions between dietary genistein and tamoxifen (an estrogen antagonist used in the treatment of estrogen-dependent breast cancer). Researchers implanted estrogen-dependent breast cancer cells in mice who had had their ovaries and thymus removed. They found that genistein negated or overwhelmed the inhibitory effect of tamoxifen. Based on these findings, they urged postmenopausal women to exercise caution when consuming dietary genistein while taking tamoxifen.

Other studies that shown a correlation between dietary intake of isoflavones and thyroid disease for several species of animals. Additionally, some studies have found that animals fed soy isoflavones developed enlarged organs, particularly the pancreas and thyroid, as well as increased deposition of fat in the liver.

Additionally, Dr. Lark has written in the past that women who have inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmune thyroiditis, and/or a known allergy or sensitivity to soy should avoid soy. Finally, soy is one of the two most genetically modified (GMO) foods in the United States. That for me is a huge red flag.

My Suggestion

Given all the controversy, the GMO issue, the interaction with tamoxifen, and the possible thyroid concern, I personally err on the side of caution with soy. I limit myself to true soy foods only, meaning edamame (the beans themselves), tofu, and tempeh and always, always organic (eliminates the GMO concern). I also limit my soy consumption to no more than three times a week.

Twice a year, I hold week-long SkyLab boot camps with Jackie Warner, star of Bravo TV’s Workout. The most recent boot camp we held was in early June this year.

At the boot camp, Jackie was raving about a new sweetener called Truvia. Because I have seen the ads on TV and in magazines, I was immediately suspicious. Usually, when a “natural” sweetener takes up this type of ad space, it is not very natural. Think Splenda.

As it turns out, my concerns were unnecessary. Truvia is made from rebiana, erythritol, and natural flavors. While I’d like to know a bit more about these “natural flavors,” the other ingredients are fine.

Rebiana comes from the stevia plant, and as you know from my June 26, 2009 posting, I am a huge fan of stevia. Erythritol is a naturally occurring sugar alcohol that is nearly calorie-free. Like other sugar alcohols, erythritol doesn’t spike glucose or insulin levels; however, unlike most sugar alcohols, it doesn’t cause the “laxative” response that come people get with xylitol or maltitol.

All of this makes Truvia a great, sweet option for women suffering from menopause symptoms such as night sweats or hot flashes, as Truvia won’t alter hormone levels. More specifically, it won’t increase estrogen levels, which is a huge plus for women with estrogen dominance.

And, if weight loss is a priority for you this summer, Truvia may be your new best friend. Make it a part of your natural weight loss plan by adding it to oatmeal, green tea, or anything that you want to make just a little bit sweeter.

Hmmm…maybe I can add it to my husband!

As I’m sure you’ve heard, the FDA issued a consumer advisory regarding several Hydroxycut products on May 1, 2009. (Hydroxycut products are supplements geared at promoting weight loss, fat burning, increased energy and metabolism, and decreased appetite.)

According to the FDA, they have received 23 reports over the course of seven years that people taking Hydroxycut products experienced serious liver-related problems. The FDA advisory goes on to state, “Although the liver damage appears to be relatively rare, FDA believes consumers should not be exposed to unnecessary risks.” As a result of the FDA advisory, Iovate Health Sciences (the manufacturer of Hydroxycut products) issued a voluntary recall of the products in question.

This recall shows, yet again, that the idea of “weight loss in a bottle” is a myth. As Dr. Lark has written about time and again and I have preached in seminar and retreats several times over, the “secret” to effective weight loss is (drum roll please!)…exercise and proper nutrition.

That being said, there are a few tricks laying right in your refrigerator or kitchen cabinet that can make your weight loss efforts, well, effortless, such as green tea and flaxseed. Then there are the things that should NOT be in your frig or cupboard…things like wheat and dairy. Let me explain.

Both wheat and dairy are common food allergens. For some, this can translate to very serious conditions such as celiac disease (wheat and gluten allergy) or lactose intolerance (dairy allergy). However, thousands of women have developed an intolerance to these foods. The result is often “false fat” due to inflammation of the digestive system.

When you think of inflammation, you most likely think of swelling around a knee or bruise. But the reality is that no matter where an injury occurs, the physical manifestations are the same—pain, stiffness, and swelling. Therefore, when certain foods irritate or “injure” your intestinal tract, the abdomen and midriff can swell, resulting in bloating and fluid retention in the abdomen—this is false fat. Simply avoiding foods that contain wheat and dairy can result in a flatter tummy for many women.

And if you are looking for delicious way to boost your metabolism and burn calories, skip the hype and just brew up a cup of green tea. Green tea contains polyphenols, which appear to block the enzyme that breaks down norepinephrine, a brain chemical that regulates your metabolism. The higher your levels of norepinephrine, the faster your metabolism, which in turn allows you to burn calories even more efficiently. To reap the full benefits of green tea for weight loss, aim for drinking three 8-ounce cups of green tea a day. This is enough to provide roughly 240 to 320 mg of polyphenols.

And if you are looking for an easy, healthy way to decrease your appetite, try flaxseed. Flaxseed is living proof that great things do come in small packages. Flax is a great source of fiber, which has been shown to enhance weight loss, help in weight management, and decrease feelings of hunger. It does this by increasing bulk and helping to reduce appetite, thereby producing feelings of satiety.

Plus, flax contains essential fatty acids (great for skin, hair, energy levels, and heart protection), as well as phytoestrogens, weakly estrogenic plant nutrients that bind with your body’s estrogen receptors, mimicking the effects of estrogen. This is good news for anyone suffering from menopause symptoms such as night sweats, hot flashes, or other signs of menopause. Aim for 4–6 tablespoons of ground flaxseed a day. Simply sprinkle on dairy-free yogurt or oatmeal in the morning, over a salad at lunch or dinner, or add to your favorite smoothie as a snack.
 

With all the discussion surrounding conventional hormone replacement therapy and bioidentical hormones, it’s no wonder that women are at a loss for ANY solution, natural or otherwise, to their menopause symptoms. If you are looking for a quick, easy, effective, and delicious option to ease the discomfort of night sweats, hot flashes, and other signs of menopause, then soy is for you.

Soy contains phytoestrogens, weak, estrogen-like plant compounds. The specific phytoestrogens found in soy are genistein and diadzein. They are also often referred to as isoflavones. These soy isoflavones have been shown ease menopausal symptoms in thousands of women.

Plus, eating soy-based foods has other long-term health benefits. For example, soy does not appear to have a carcinogenic effect on uterine cells or breast tissue. Plus, the EFAs in soy are good for heart health and supple skin.

To ensure you are getting adequate amounts of soy in your diet, Dr. Lark suggests aiming for 50–100 mg of soy isoflavones per day. This translates to two cups of soy milk (35–40 mg in one glass), ½ cup of edamame (150 mg in ½ cup), or one cup of tofu (35 mg in ½ cup). Just be sure to always, always choose organic soy products, as soy is one of the two most common genetically modified crops in the United States.

Here are a few easy and delectable ways to ensure you are getting enough soy in your diet:

• Make a smoothie for breakfast. Mix one cup soy milk with one banana, a handful of strawberries, one tablespoon of ground flaxseed, and a few cubes of ice. Blend well and enjoy your 70 to 80 mg of soy isoflavones.
• Enjoy a hormone-healthy salad for lunch. Mix 1 cup chopped romaine lettuce with one tomato (diced), ½ a cucumber (diced), ½ cup edamame (whole soybeans), and 2 tablespoons of pumpkin seeds. Toss with a bit of extra-virgin olive oil and balsamic vinegar and enjoy.
• Whip up an easy dessert. Place four ounces soft tofu, one cup mango, one cup papaya, and 1 teaspoon honey in a blender. Mix well and share with a friend. You’ll each get about 15 to 20 mg of soy isoflavones.
   

Ever since the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) reported on the dangers of conventional hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in the July 17, 2002 issue of the journal, women have been scrambling to find a safer, yet still effective treatment for menopause symptoms.

In case you are not familiar with the study, JAMA reported on the findings from one part of the Women’s Health Initiative, an 8.5 year project funded by the National Institutes of Health. According to the findings, menopausal women taking estrogen/progestin for five years or more had an increased risk for blood clots, coronary heart disease, strokes, and breast cancer. In fact, researchers felt so strongly about the negative implications of long-term combined HRT, especially the unacceptably high risk for breast cancer, that they ended the study three years early! Participants were contacted and instructed to stop taking the drug—immediately.

As you can imagine, the pharmaceutical companies have been in a panic ever since, as hundreds of thousands of women have stopped taking their medication and look to natural medicine for answers…answers that many have found in bioidentical hormones.

Dr. Lark has written about and prescribed bioidentical hormones for more than 20 years. In fact, in our book Hormone Revolution, we have devoted several pages to the topic. And when it comes to using bioidentical hormones to treat menopause symptoms such as night sweats, hot flashes, and other signs of menopause, the most commonly prescribed hormone is estriol.

Given the sudden drought in conventional HRT usage (and therefore loss of money to pharmaceutical companies), as well as the increased interest and media attention surrounding the usage and efficacy of bioidentical hormones—namely estriol—it shouldn’t come as a surprise that the FDA is now cracking down on these natural options.

According to the FDA’s Web site, the “use of ‘bio-identical’ as a marketing term implying a benefit for the drug, for which there is no medical or scientific basis.” They even go so far as to state that estriol “is not a component of an FDA-approved drug and has not been proven safe and effective for any use.”

This is simply ridiculous and just plain outrageous. Estriol is the weakest, and therefore safest, of your three main types of estrogen. It has been studied in various animal and human studies and has been shown to be less likely to promote excessive tissue growth, and even helps prevent breast and endometrial cancers.

To me, that seems to contradict the “not been proven safe” part of the FDA’s statement. And, as for the “not been proven effective for any use,” I cannot help but wonder if the FDA is familiar with the JAMA study that found that estriol was particularly effective in treating vaginal atrophy, mood swings, and hot flashes. Or, how about study from Alternative Medicine Review, which found that estriol provided the protection of conventional hormone replacement therapy without the risks. Plus, estriol was found to ease menopause symptoms, including hot flashes, insomnia, vaginal dryness, and urinary tract infections.

Don’t be fooled by the FDA’s “concerns.” Sadly, in this arena, their main concern seems to be with the pharmaceutical company’s checkbooks, not your health. Keep yourself informed by reading blogs, newsletters, and informative emails from trusted sources and doing research for yourself. And fight for your right to natural alternatives to all your health concerns.

Ah, the humble flaxseed. Who knew that such a small seed could have such a profound impact on your hormonal health?

As Dr. Lark and I wrote in Hormone Revolution, flaxseed helps women at every stage of hormonal development. For women in the throes of estrogen dominance, premenopause, early menopause, and even perimenopause, flaxseed helps to increase progesterone production while simultaneously flushing excess estrogen from your system. This keeps perimenopause symptoms such as heavy menstrual bleeding at bay.

For women suffering from signs of menopause like dry skin or a flaky scalp, flaxseed helps to keep skin and tissues soft and supple. Plus, it helps to lubricate those creaky joints that seem to show up out of nowhere.

Given all the amazing things that flaxseed can do for women of all ages, the question remains: How do I manage to get the four to six tablespoons a day I need for optimum hormonal health? The answer is deliciously easy.

I find that breakfast is a great time to get flaxseed. I’ve included my three favorite breakfast ideas for you, as well as an easy lunch and dessert option.

1. Add four tablespoons to a smoothie. My favorite is to take half a banana, 1 cup of berries, 1 cup almond milk, 1 cup fresh spinach, a handful of ice, and your flaxseed. Blend until smooth and drink immediately. The fruit “hides” the spinach, yet you are still getting 2+ servings of fruits and veggies!
2. Add four tablespoons to oatmeal. I like to “steam microwave” half an apple (diced) and add to a cup of cooked oatmeal. Sprinkle on some cinnamon and your flax and you have a hot meal that just sings of autumn.
3. Add four tablespoons to scrambled eggs. Yes, to eggs. You’ll have to trust me on this way. It is delicious! Scramble two eggs and add a little goat cheese and dill. Add the flax and mix well. It adds a nutty taste that goes beautifully with the goat cheese and dill.
4. Add two to three tablespoons to your salad. Start with mixed greens of your choice. Add chopped veggies (I like cucumbers, celery, carrots, and mushrooms). Top with four ounces of chicken or salmon and sprinkle on the flax. Dress with two tablespoons of olive oil and one tablespoon of tamari sauce (a wheat-free soy sauce). Presto! A delicious, Asian-inspired salad you’re sure to love.
5. Sprinkle two tablespoons into plain soy yogurt. Add a dropperful of chocolate raspberry liquid stevia to the yogurt, a handful of raspberries, and top with the flax. It’s reminiscent of a sundae…without the unwanted sugar and excess calories.

Estrogen dominance is often the cause of the perimenopause symptoms many women experience. Estrogen dominance is when your hormones are imbalanced and your body produces too much estrogen and not enough progesterone. My perimenopause program corrects estrogen dominance by reducing estrogen levels and promoting progesterone production. In this post, I will give you my diet recommendations to reduce your perimenopause symptoms, including estrogen dominance:
 

• Eat soy foods, buckwheat, citrus fruit rind and pulp (not the juice), and ground flax meal in shakes and cereals. They help to reduce estrogen production and prevent the hormone from binding to tissue receptors.
  
   
• Avoid caffeine, alcohol, chocolate, sugar, soft drinks, fruit juices, fried or fatty foods, and salt—all of which hamper the process that metabolizes estrogens and eliminates them from your body.
  
   
• Eat a low-fat, high-fiber diet to help your intestines eliminate estrogens so they are not reabsorbed into your body. Include plenty of fresh fruits, vegetables, whole grains and legumes (beans, peas).
  
   
• Reduce or eliminate red meats. They not only elevate estrogen levels but they also contain the type of fats that cause menstrual cramps and worsen the inflammation of endometriosis. Instead, eat fish such as salmon, mackerel, sardines, trout, and tuna which are high in beneficial omega-3 fatty acids that reduce the pain of menstrual cramps and endometriosis.  Range-fed chicken or poultry are also good dietary options. In addition, instead of hamburgers and hotdogs, buy vegetarian Gardenburgers or Boca Burgers to prepare at home.
  
   
• Avoid dairy products since they have a negative effect on reproductive health similar to that of red meat. Use soy or rice substitutes, including soy and rice milk, cream cheese, sour cream and soy yogurt.

• Locate the points on the back of your neck, in the hollows about a finger-width to the right and left of the base of your skull. Hold these points simultaneously for one to three minutes.

• With the thumb and index finger of your right hand, press the point located in the webbing between the base of your thumb and pointer finger of your left hand, directly above the muscle. Hold for one to three minutes, then switch hands.

• With the index and middle fingers of your right hand, press the point directly between your eyebrows, where the bridge of your nose meets your forehead. With the index and middle fingers of your left hand, press the point at the top of your head. (There should be a slight indentation.) Hold for one to three minutes.

• Press the fingers of your right hand on the point three finger-widths above the bottom of your breastbone, in the center of your breastbone, directly over your heart. Hold for one to three minutes.

So many women come to me looking for relief from such common menopause symptoms as night sweats, hot flashes, vaginal dryness, and insomnia. I tell all these women the same thing: One of my top solutions for menopause relief is an herb called black cohosh.

Right now in Germany, a special extract of black cohosh is the most thoroughly studied and widely used natural alternative to hormone replacement therapy. Clinical studies have shown that black cohosh extract not only relieves menopause hot flashes, but also depression and vaginal atrophy.

In one of the largest studies on black cohosh, women with menopause symptoms received 40 drops of liquid black cohosh extract twice a day for six to eight weeks. Within four weeks of treatment, a distinct improvement was seen in nearly 80 percent of the women. After six to eight weeks, all symptoms had completely disappeared in half of the women.

If you have signs of menopause or menopause symptoms, I suggest taking 80–160 mg of a standardized extract of black cohosh twice a day. This dose should contain 2 to 4 mg of the active components (triterpenes, calculated as 27-deoxyacteine). Black cohosh is available in most health food stores, nutrition centers, and even some pharmacies.